From Margins to Mainstream: Subcontracting in Informal Manufacturing

India’s informal manufacturing sector is central to employment generation and enterprise creation. According to the National Sample Survey (2015–16), nearly 90 percent of micro-enterprises operate within this sector. Most of these units are family-run, small in scale, and have limited access to credit, technology, and markets. Despite their small size, they collectively contribute significantly to the country’s industrial output and provide livelihoods to millions.

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